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yang dapat berinteraksi antara satu sama lain melalui perkongsian minat ,hobi dan pendapat
SEM 6
NOW AT LINCOLN UNIVERSITY COLLEGE
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RUANGAN IKLAN DI ADVANTTZSHARE
Not any more. Today, the risk factors for diabetes have changed. “It is no longer a disease of the rich,” said Dr Viswanathan Mohan, a leading Indian diabetes expert. “The majority of cases are among the middle income [group] and poor.”
Diabetes is also increasingly an Asian problem. And while still closely associated with bulging waistlines, the disease is now appearing in Asians who are hardly obese, so-called “lean diabetics”.
DIABETIC TYPE 1
DIABETIC TYPE 2
DIABETIC EFFECT
Neurovascular Assessment
5 P to remember
MANIS DALAM SENYUMAN
KURANGKAN MANIS DALAM MAKANAN Sweet, sweet Asia
THERE was a time when type 2 diabetes was considered a rather humdrum disease of the old. It was a disease of rich nations, associated with obesity. It was not the kind of disease that kept public health experts up at night.Not any more. Today, the risk factors for diabetes have changed. “It is no longer a disease of the rich,” said Dr Viswanathan Mohan, a leading Indian diabetes expert. “The majority of cases are among the middle income [group] and poor.”
Diabetes is also increasingly an Asian problem. And while still closely associated with bulging waistlines, the disease is now appearing in Asians who are hardly obese, so-called “lean diabetics”.
DIABETIC TYPE 1
DIABETIC TYPE 2
DIABETIC EFFECT
Neurovascular Assessment
5 P to remember
Pain Pain considered out of proportion to the
injury is usually the earliest and most important
presenting symptom of compartment syndrome
(Duckworth 1995, Lucas and Davis 2005).
Paralysis (movement) Neurovascular deficit
can cause muscles in the affected compartment
to become paralysed as a result of nerve damage
or necrosis.
Paraesthesia (sensation) Paraesthesia of an
area supplied by a specific nerve is a reliable
finding in the patient who is awake and able to
co-operate (Crowther 1999). The nurse should
lightly touch the skin both proximally and
distally to the affected site.
Pulses and/or capillary refill An absence of pulse
may indicate a lack of arterial flow (Mourad
1995). Pulses should be assessed distal to the
injury and/or cast to assess whether blood flow is
reaching past the area of injury/surgery and
perfusing the remaining limb effectively
Pallor and temperature A neurovascularly
impaired limb will be pale or dusky in
appearance (Mourad 1995, Middleton 2003).
The limb also tends to have a glossy exterior as a
result of swelling (McRae 1999). Temperature of
the limb proximally and distally to the injury
should be assessed using the back of the hand
(Dykes 1993, Judge 2004)
injury is usually the earliest and most important
presenting symptom of compartment syndrome
(Duckworth 1995, Lucas and Davis 2005).
Paralysis (movement) Neurovascular deficit
can cause muscles in the affected compartment
to become paralysed as a result of nerve damage
or necrosis.
Paraesthesia (sensation) Paraesthesia of an
area supplied by a specific nerve is a reliable
finding in the patient who is awake and able to
co-operate (Crowther 1999). The nurse should
lightly touch the skin both proximally and
distally to the affected site.
Pulses and/or capillary refill An absence of pulse
may indicate a lack of arterial flow (Mourad
1995). Pulses should be assessed distal to the
injury and/or cast to assess whether blood flow is
reaching past the area of injury/surgery and
perfusing the remaining limb effectively
impaired limb will be pale or dusky in
appearance (Mourad 1995, Middleton 2003).
The limb also tends to have a glossy exterior as a
result of swelling (McRae 1999). Temperature of
the limb proximally and distally to the injury
should be assessed using the back of the hand
(Dykes 1993, Judge 2004)
MYOCARDIAC INFARCTION
MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Myocardial infarction (MI) is caused by marked reduction/loss of blood flow through one or more of the coronary
arteries, resulting in cardiac muscle ischemia and necrosis.
CARE SETTING
Inpatient acute hospital, step-down, or medical unit.
RELATED CONCERNS
Angina
Dysrhythmias
Heart failure: chronic
Psychosocial aspects of care
Thrombophlebitis: deep vein thrombosis
Inpatient acute hospital, step-down, or medical unit.
RELATED CONCERNS
Angina
Dysrhythmias
Heart failure: chronic
Psychosocial aspects of care
Thrombophlebitis: deep vein thrombosis
When using mannitol, it is important to be aware of the effects on the body’s sodium and water, so that severe dehydration and hypovolemia may be avoided and preexisting conditions such as hyponatremia aren’t aggravated
BY : AREZZO ANTHONY LAMAN @ ADVANTTZSHARE ADMIN
NEVER EVER GIVE UP AND NEVER SAY DIE !
